What does the term "oak aging" refer to?

The term "oak aging" refers to the process in which wine is matured in oak barrels, which significantly influences the wine's flavor and complexity. During this aging process, the porous nature of the oak allows for micro-oxygenation, which can soften tannins and help develop a wine's mouthfeel. Additionally, compounds from the oak wood, such as vanillin, tannins, and lactones, leach into the wine, imparting notes of vanilla, spice, and toast. This technique not only deepens the flavor profile but can also enhance the overall structure and aging potential of the wine. The use of different types of oak, such as American or French oak, can further alter the taste and aromatic qualities, allowing winemakers to create a wide variety of styles based on their aging choices.